French Heritage

Insight Vacations (AU) · 22 days

Use code BONUS10 to get an extra 10% off all tours — for a limited time only. T&Cs apply

French Heritage
22 Days
From AUD $12315 Was AUD $13995
Trip Type
Group Tour
Activity Level
Easy

Rating


(10 reviews)

French Heritage

French Heritage

Insight Vacations (AU) · 22 days

Use code BONUS10 to get an extra 10% off all tours — for a limited time only. T&Cs apply

Duration

22 days

Tour Type

Group Tour

Accommodations

Deluxe

Physical Rating

Easy

Guide Language

English

Experience Overview

Take a once in a lifetime adventure across France, playing petanque in Provence, wine tasting in Chateau Le Luc, and jet-setting with the rich and famous on the French Riviera in Nice.

Highlights

Dining Summary

  • 10 Dinner (D)
  • 21 Breakfast (B)

Choice Highlights

    Choose between two carefully selected activities
  • Monaco City: Admire the Italian Renaissance frescoes and State Apartments of the Prince's Palace.
  • Monaco City: Visit the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco. Admire grand aquariums of the Mediterranean and tropical seas, and gain insight into the challenges of scientific research in Polar environments.
  • Choose between two carefully selected activities
  • Arromanches-les-Bains: Visit the D-Day Museum in Arromanches and see the remnants of the artificial port in the bay.
  • Bayeux: Marvel at stunning Norman-Gothic architecture during a visit to Bayeux Cathedral. Learn about its rich history and see the site where the Bayeux Tapestry was originally displayed.

Additional Included Highlights

  • Personal radio headsets give you the freedom to wander during visits to famous highlights, without missing any of your Local Expert's fascinating commentary.
  • Hotel and restaurant tips are included - you'll never have to worry about how much to give, nor search for foreign currency. We also include all taxes and porterage charges at hotels.
  • We carry your bags for you and promptly deliver them to your hotel door.
  • From time to time, your Travel Director will delight you with an Insight Flourish, which is a local specialty representing the destination.
  • Stay connected with friends and family with our complimentary coach and hotel Wi-Fi (where available).
  • If your arrival and/or departure flights are as per the itinerary start and end dates, then transfers are available at scheduled times. If your flights are outside these times, or you have booked additional nights accommodation with Insight Vacations, you may purchase transfers or make your own way from/to the airport.

Authentic Dining

  • Paris: Join your Travel Director and fellow guests at a local restaurant for a delightful dinner.
  • Troyes: Journey through the Champagne region and stop for a tasting of renowned Champagne wine.
  • Grenoble: Enjoy a delicious dinner in Grenoble.
  • Cahors: See the Pont Valentré as you enjoy a tasting through the markets.
  • La Roque-Gageac: Enjoy a delicious Farm-to-Table dinner prepared with locally sourced ingredients and served with wines from the region.
  • Paris: Rendez-vous with your fellow travellers at a typical French bistro for a rousing dinner with wine. Bon Appetit!
  • Saumur: Learn about local grape varieties and regional wine-making traditions as you sample wines of the Loire Valley.
  • Loire Valley: This evening, dine at the historic Château de la Bourdaisière, surrounded by elegant French gardens. Enjoy a thoughtfully crafted three-course menu featuring fresh produce from the château’s gardens and local producers. With traditional family cuisine and warm hospitality, this Farm-to-Table dinner offers a true taste of the Loire Valley.

Insight Choice

  • Monaco City: Admire the Italian Renaissance frescoes and State Apartments of the Prince's Palace.
  • Monaco City: Visit the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco. Admire grand aquariums of the Mediterranean and tropical seas, and gain insight into the challenges of scientific research in Polar environments.
  • Arromanches-les-Bains: Visit the D-Day Museum in Arromanches and see the remnants of the artificial port in the bay.
  • Bayeux: Marvel at stunning Norman-Gothic architecture during a visit to Bayeux Cathedral. Learn about its rich history and see the site where the Bayeux Tapestry was originally displayed.

Insight Experiences

  • Saint-Paul-de-Vence: Join a pétanque player to learn the secrets behind this traditional French discipline. Steady your hand and get ready to test your newfound skills in a game. End with a glass of pastis, a French apéritif.

Make Travel Matter

  • Les-Baux-de-Provence: Meet owners Jean-Benoît and Catherine at their organic olive mill, where sustainable farming promotes biodiversity. Explore the groves, learn about eco-friendly cultivation and taste exceptional oils of the highest quality. Your visit supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.

Top Rated Highlights

  • Dijon: Explore Dijon with your Travel Director to learn all about the history of this fascinating city, famous for its mustard and wines.
  • Chamonix: Explore the town's charming streets, framed by Mont Blanc and the soaring peaks of the French Alps.
  • Annecy: Enjoy free time in the Little Venice area.
  • Nice: Enjoy exploring the beautiful coastal town of Nice on the French Riviera.
  • Eze: Visit a perfumery to learn about the French perfume industry and discover your signature scent.
  • Monaco City: Explore inside Monaco Cathedral.
  • Monaco City: Enjoy a drive along part of the Grand Prix circuit and wander the old town with your Travel Director to see the Royal Palace and the yacht-filled harbour.
  • Saint-Paul-de-Vence: Discover the beauty of this hilltop town and why it became a refuge for artists.
  • Aix-en-Provence: See the mansions of the Cours Mirabeau, a lively thoroughfare in Aix-en-Provence.
  • Pont du Gard: See the ancient Roman bridge that crosses the Gardon River, a true marvel of engineering and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Built nearly 2,000 years ago the bridge stands as a testament to Roman ingenuity.
  • Avignon: Once the seat of papal power, Avignon is a city steeped in history and charm. View the Pont d'Avignon and walk the medieval narrow streets of the Old Town to the Palais des Papes, one of the largest Gothic palaces in Europe.
  • Cite de Carcassone: Enjoy an orientation of this fortified town and see the fortress, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  • Albi: This is the birthplace of artist, Toulouse-Lautrec. Walk the town and marvel at the awe-inspiring cathedral.
  • Arles: Stroll through Arles with a Local Expert, gaining insight into the town’s Roman ruins and learning about the local scenes immortalised by Vincent Van Gogh. You’ll view the mighty Arles Arena and Roman Theatre, and see first-hand the Provençal light and charm that have inspired countless artists.
  • Montignac: These caves contain some of the oldest and finest prehistoric art in the world. For preservation reasons, they have been replicated in all their glory.
  • Paris: Experience the magic of Paris with Insight Vacations as you explore its iconic sights, landmarks, and charming streets. Meander along the picturesque banks of the River Seine, delving into the rich history of its beautiful bridges and renowned landmarks, including the majestic Notre-Dame Cathedral, the Eiffel Tower, the Champs-Élysées, and the Arc de Triomphe. Whether from the comfort of your coach or a scenic vantage point, immerse yourself in the timeless stories that bring this enchanting city to life.
  • Rouen: See the cathedral, the Great Clock, the Old Market square and Place du Vieux-Marché where Joan of Arc was burned at the stake.
  • Honfleur: See this charming fishing town whose harbour once inspired Monet.
  • Omaha Beach: Follow the route of the Rangers, visit the bunkers and the Rangers Memorial.
  • Omaha Beach: With a Local Expert, spend a few reflective moments at the American Military Cemetery of Saint-Laurent.
  • Mont-Saint-Michel: Savour your first sight of the fortified island of Mont Saint-Michel. Cross the causeway for a guided tour with your Local Expert through the maze of halls and vaults of the abbey.
  • Saint-Malo: Your Local Expert guides you through the streets of the walled city to arrive at the cathedral. Later enjoy the chance to walk along the fortifications and explore the cities nightlife at your leisure.
  • Villandry: Visit the gardens of Château de Villandry, considered among the finest in France. Explore a series of formal Renaissance designs, including ornamental flowerbeds, water gardens and a working kitchen garden, all maintained using sustainable practices that reflect the estate’s long horticultural heritage.
  • Amboise: See the Royal Château beside the Loire River.
  • Paris: Experience the magic of Paris with Insight Vacations as you explore its iconic sights, landmarks, and charming streets. Meander along the picturesque banks of the River Seine, delving into the rich history of its beautiful bridges and renowned landmarks, including the majestic Notre-Dame Cathedral, the Eiffel Tower, the Champs-Élysées, and the Arc de Triomphe. Whether from the comfort of your coach or a scenic vantage point, immerse yourself in the timeless stories that bring this enchanting city to life.

Well-being

  • Enjoy the comfort of Insight's luxurious, air-conditioned, 40-seat coach with double the standard legroom and onboard washroom. Our customized luxury coaches are sanitized before the start of your tour and are maintained to very high standards. Physical distancing measures have been implemented on our customized luxury coaches.
  • Hand sanitizer is freely available on board for you to use throughout the day.
French Heritage

Trip Details

Duration

22 days

Transportation

Private

Guide Language

English

Starts

Paris, France

Finishes

Paris, France

Accommodations

Deluxe

Travel Style

Classic, Budget

Physical Rating

Easy

Itinerary

1
Day 1: Welcome to Paris
Meet your Travel Director and fellow travellers at the hotel before your dinner at a local restaurant with cuisine inspired by country recipes.

Accommodation: Marriott Rive Gauche, Paris
Meals: Dinner
2
Day 2: Champagne Region and on to Dijon Relaxed Start
Journey through the vine-clad scenery of the Champagne region. Admire the green shoots in spring, full summer foliage or the russet autumnal hues, this is a glorious region throughout the year. Visit the city of Troyes and admire its medieval Old Town with its colourful half-timbered houses while sipping a glass of champagne. On arrival in Dijon, an orientation by your Travel Director reveals the charming architecture and history of the city.

Accommodation: Grand Dijon La Cloche
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
3
Day 3: Free Time in Dijon Relaxed Start
Enjoy the Burgundy capital of Dijon. Its many handsome buildings recall the time when the Dukes of Burgundy were more powerful than the Kings of France. Perhaps take the opportunity to visit the wine capital of Burgundy, Beaune? In the evening, don't miss the chance of an optional Burgundy wine tasting and traditional dinner in the Premier Cru village of Fixin.

Accommodation: Grand Dijon La Cloche
Meals: Breakfast
4
Day 4: Chamonix
Travel towards the Mâconnais and Beaujolais before turning east into the Alps. A scenic symphony awaits you as you ascend into the high Alps and climb towards Mont Blanc, Western Europe’s highest mountain. Your destination is the fashionable ski resort of Chamonix. You could take in panoramic views of the mountain peaks and valley below from the Chamonix cable car or explore this mountain resort. In the evening you may choose to try a pierrade at a local trendy eatery in a traditional chalet. This Optional Experience provides the chance to try a typical regional meal, cooked on a traditional table barbecue.

Accommodation: Alpina Eclectic, Chamonix
Meals: Breakfast
5
Day 5: Lakeside Annecy and Grenoble Relaxed Start
In the morning, embark on a beautiful journey to the lakeside town of Annecy, dramatically situated between lake and mountains, it's a medieval spectacle and a summer getaway for the French and the Swiss locals. Enjoy free time for lunch in Little Venice, aptly named for the network of canals criss-crossing through the Old Town. Explore the city’s many lovely bridges at your leisure. Continue on to your hotel in Grenoble. This evening, savour a delicious dinner at a local restaurant.

Accommodation: Park Grenoble-MGallery
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
6
Day 6: The French Riviera to reach Nice
Glorious mountain scenery will be yours to enjoy as you travel along a spectacular route, used by the Emperor Napoleon when he returned from his first exile to try to take the throne of France once more. Continue to the French Riviera to reach the elegant resort of Nice. The rest of the afternoon is free for you to explore as you wish. In the evening, why not walk through old town Nice, ending in Cours Saleya where dinner is at your leisure at one of the many lovely bistros?

Accommodation: Radisson Blu, Nice
Meals: Breakfast
7
Day 7: Nice and the Principality of Monaco
Wake up ready to rub shoulders with the jet-set on the glamorous Côte d’Azur. Unlock the secrets of the French perfume industry with a visit to a perfumery, where fragrance experts waft exclusive scents from stoppered bottles. Then enjoy a drive along part of the Grand Prix circuit in Monaco and with Insight Choice enter the Oceanographic Museum dedicated to the concept of the Mediterranean Science Commission or visit the Royal Palace of Monaco and see Monaco Cathedral, housing the tomb of Princess Grace. The rest of the day is set aside for you to enjoy the French Riviera at your own pace. Perhaps join an Optional Experience to visit the medieval village of Eze and its hill-top Botanical Gardens for a spectacular view of the coastline?

Accommodation: Radisson Blu, Nice
Meals: Breakfast
8
Day 8: Picturesque Provence
Visit the medieval village of Saint-Paul de Vence, perched high above the Riviera beaches. A walk through its winding streets reveals elegant fountains, vine-covered stone walls and views of mountains and sea. Enjoy a lesson in the French sport of pétanque. Steady your hand and get ready to test your newfound skills as you take part in a game, completed by a glass of pastis, a French apéritif. Continue to Aix-en-Provence to see the sumptuous mansions lining the Cours Mirabeau and on to your hotel.

Accommodation: Aquabella Hotel & Spa, Aix-en-Provence
Meals: Breakfast
9
Day 9: Avignon and Pont du Gard
Marvel at the ancient Roman aqueduct, Pont du Gard, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, before exploring the storied streets of Avignon, home to the seat of the Pope and Christianity in the 14th century. Move on to a MAKE TRAVEL MATTER® Experience at a local olive estate, where you’ll stroll through scenic groves. Learn about sustainable olive oil production from tree to table and indulge in a tasting of artisanal oils where you’ll learn to differentiate the rich palette of aromas, colours and textures. Return to your hotel in Aix-en-Provence for a free evening to relax and unwind or explore the city’s vibrant cafes and boutiques.

Accommodation: Aquabella Hotel & Spa, Aix-en-Provence
Meals: Breakfast
10
Day 10: Carcassonne and to Albi
Begin your day in Arles, once home to the Romans and later a muse to Vincent Van Gogh, Arles’ meandering streets and classical monuments reveal layers of artistic and architectural heritage. Stroll past the Arena and the Roman Theatre, where echoes of antiquity vibrate in every stone. From here, cross the fertile Languedoc region before journeying inland to the fortified town of Carcassonne. Travellers are often amazed at their first sight of this medieval gem, known for its UNESCO-listed fortress with complete ramparts and a storybook keep. Continue to Albi, the birthplace of Toulouse-Lautrec, where your Travel Director will provide an orientation of key landmarks, including views of the museum dedicated to the artist and the cathedral. Enjoy the rest of the day at your leisure.

Accommodation: Saint Antoine, Albi
Meals: Breakfast
11
Day 11: Free Time in Albi
Enjoy a full day at leisure, to relax and soak up the atmosphere of Albi. This evening savour a delicious dinner of carefully selected fresh ingredients at a local restaurant.

Accommodation: Saint Antoine, Albi
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
12
Day 12: Cahors and Rocamadour Relaxed Start
Stop in Cahors, famous for its Black Wine, and see the Pont Valentré. You'll also have the opportunity to explore the open air market - full of fresh, seasonal produce and local delicacies, it's an experience to delight all of the senses. Travel to Rocamadour and enjoy free time to explore this medieval town perched on a cliffside above the Alzou River and known as a resting place for pilgrims travelling through France on the Camino de Santiago to Spain. Later we make our way to our hotel nestled in the countryside of La Roque-Gageac.

Accommodation: Le Perigord, La Roque-Gageac
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
13
Day 13: Exploring the Dordogne Valley
Start the day with a morning drive into the Valley of the Dordogne to visit Lascaux II, where the world-famous prehistoric cave paintings have been faithfully reproduced. Continue to the beautiful town of Sarlat-la-Canéda, its medieval core blessed with fine golden limestone houses. Relax this evening in the beautiful surroundings of the Dordogne region while you dine at the hotel.

Accommodation: Le Perigord, La Roque-Gageac
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
14
Day 14: Paris, The City of Light
Travel onwards to immerse yourself in the beautiful city of Paris where on arrival you are free to explore this fascinating city as you wish. As evening descends, the City of Light lives up to its name as the monuments, buildings and bridges are lit up in all their glory. For that special touch of excitement and glamour don't miss the chance to join an Optional Experience to one of the world-famous cabaret shows.

Accommodation: Le Meridien Paris Arc de Triomphe
Meals: Breakfast
15
Day 15: Romantic Capital on the Seine
During your time in Paris, see the impressive Eiffel Tower, the Luxor obelisk in the centre of the Place de la Concorde and enjoy a drive along the Champs Élysées to Napoleon's Arc de Triomphe. You are in for a memorable evening with a delicious Celebration Dinner of excellent French cuisine and wine to toast your journey through France.

Accommodation: Le Meridien Paris Arc de Triomphe
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
16
Day 16: Rouen, Honfleur and Deauville
Follow the River Seine to Rouen, capital of Normandy, to admire its ancient cathedral - a masterpiece of Gothic style and the subject of a series of paintings by Claude Monet. Wander through the narrow streets beneath the Great Clock to the Old Market Square. Here, a superb modern church memorialises the burning of Joan of Arc on this very spot in 1431. Continue to the charming fishing town of Honfleur and wander along the harbour or stroll through the colourful streets. Close by, visit a family owned apple farm for apple juice, cider and calvados tasting. Later, arrive at your luxurious hotel, located in the chic seaside resort of Deauville.

Accommodation: Barrière L'Hôtel du Golf, Deauville
Meals: Breakfast
17
Day 17: Normandy Beaches and D-Day Landings
Follow the route of the Rangers and visit the bunkers and the Rangers Memorial at Pointe du Hoc. Then with a Local Expert, spend a few reflective moments at the American Military Cemetery of Saint-Laurent near Omaha Beach. Explore Normandy with Insight Choice. Choose between visiting the D-Day Museum in Arromanches and see the remnants of the artificial port in the bay. Alternatively visit the Bayeux Tapestry Museum and learn about the epic story of William, Duke of Normandy becoming the King of England. This evening you are treated to a delightful dinner, which promises creative cuisine, seasonal ingredients and delicious wines.

Accommodation: Barrière L'Hôtel du Golf, Deauville
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
18
Day 18: Mont Saint-Michel and Saint-Malo
Journey through Bocage country for an exploration of the hilltop abbey of Mont Saint-Michel with your Local Expert. The abbey stands on an island and is reached by a causeway across the shining sands. Behind the outer ring of defences huddles the small town - it's one street containing shops, cafes and hotels. Continue along the Emerald Coast to stunning Saint-Malo, situated on the Rance Estuary and one of the most charming places in France. A Local Expert will take you on an exploration of the City of the Corsairs. Walk through the maze of streets of Intra Muros, the walled city, to the cathedral, the burial place of Jacques Cartier and other celebrated voyagers. At your leisure, you can wander around the ramparts of the thick city walls, offering fantastic views over the old town and the bay. By night, the town’s medieval maze of winding streets is abuzz with quaint bars and restaurants. Alternatively, you may wish to join an Optional Experience to Cancale, known throughout France of its oyster beds, for a delicious meal of fresh seafood and other Breton specialities?

Accommodation: Le Nouveau Monde, St Malo
Meals: Breakfast
19
Day 19: Villandry Experience
Head south through the Loire Valley, stopping to admire the moated Château d’Angers. Cross the river to Saumur, where you’ll join a local vintner for a guided tasting of the region’s elegant wines. Continue to the Château de Villandry, a masterpiece of Renaissance design, where you’ll explore its spectacular tiered gardens – from ornate parterres to tranquil water gardens and an abundant potager. Later, arrive at your chateau hotel, surrounded by extensive gardens of its own, for dinner together.

Accommodation: Château de la Bourdaisière
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
20
Day 20: Scenic Drive Along the Loire Valley
Journey to the elegant Château d’Amboise, once home to French kings and the final resting place of Leonardo da Vinci. Here, your Local Expert reveals how this clifftop residence played a pivotal role in the history of the French Renaissance. This evening, your dinner starts with a glass of local sparkling wine and continues with excellent service and delicious Farm-to-Table dishes in the most wholesome setting, ensuring the memory of your meal will linger long after you've returned home.

Accommodation: Château de la Bourdaisière
Meals: Breakfast, Dinner
21
Day 21: La Beauce and Chartres to Paris, City of Light
Travel to Chartres Cathedral. From here, return to the French capital. The City of Light really lives up to its name, when the monuments, buildings and bridges are lit up in all their glory. Don't miss the chance to experience one of the world-famous cabaret shows.

Accommodation: Le Méridien Paris Arc de Triomphe
Meals: Breakfast
22
Day 22: Au Revoir Paris
Today, bid farewell to your journey through the French countryside as you transfer to the airport.

Meals: Breakfast
Exclusions
  • Flights to and from origin and destinations
  • Airport transfers (unless otherwise stated)
  • Anything else not explicitly listed in tour inclusions
  • Recommended gratuities/tipping
  • Optional activities/tours
  • Personal expenses
  • Travel insurance
  • Visas, meals and beverages not stated in the list of inclusions.
Important Information
Meals

When meals are not included, your tour leader (where available) will be happy to help with restaurant recommendations, bookings, and directions. Please let us know if you have any dietary needs or preferences. We will do our best to accommodate these, though we cannot guarantee that every request can be met.

Luggage

You are responsible for your personal belongings throughout the tour. You will need to carry your own bags between the vehicle and your hotel room. Drivers will assist with loading and unloading luggage from the vehicle.

Mobility

Travellers requiring wheelchair access should contact our sales and service team, who can make enquiries on your behalf.

Fitness Level

This tour requires an average level of fitness. Activities are paced gently and include leisure time. You may be expected to join guided walks of up to one hour, navigate short stairways and mild inclines, and manage your own luggage. You should also be able to board and exit all transport without assistance.

Travellers are expected to be self-sufficient and capable of handling all aspects of their journey. Please discuss your circumstances and support needs with your booking agent to confirm this trip is suitable.

If you are unsure, we recommend consulting your doctor before booking or travelling.

Sightseeing

If a planned site visit is unavailable due to changes in operating hours or holiday closures, the itinerary may be altered, or a comparable activity will be substituted where possible and subject to availability.

Visas

Visa conditions can change. Once you receive your travel documents, check with the relevant embassy, consulate, or immigration office of your destination for the latest information.

  • It is your responsibility to ensure you have the correct and valid travel documents and to comply with all entry requirements.
  • Non-Australian citizens must also confirm visa and identification requirements with the appropriate consulate or visa agency.
  • Certain occupations (for example, journalists, government officials, or those working in charities) may face additional restrictions when applying for visas, which could affect the type of application required.
Departure Dates & Surcharges: See checkout for live dates and availability.

From
AUD $13995

AUD $12,315
(Tour only)
Offer ends 06 Apr, 2026 Per Person Twin
12% Off

Duration: 22 days

Trip Type: Group Tour

Activity Level: Easy

Take a once in a lifetime adventure across France, playing petanque in Provence, wine tasting in Chateau Le Luc, and jet-setting with the rich and famous on the French Riviera in Nice.

Price based on per person in Double Room for departure 11 Jul 2026

Customer Reviews

Overall Rating
Excellent
4.5
Guide
Excellent
4.5
Itinerary
Excellent
4.5
Accommodations
Excellent
4.5
Transportation
Excellent
4.5
Tour Operator
Excellent
4.5
Food
Excellent
4.5
4.0
Hwee
Traveled, April 2025

05/03/2025

Great itinerary covering a vast area of France from Paris to the East, South and West. You see how the landscape change as we travel to the various places.

5.0
Susan
Traveled, September 2024

10/14/2024

Great itinerary. Saw and experienced a great deal of France. Tour broken into 2 parts. First 2 week Country Roads of France and 2nd week covered Normandy and Loire Valley. Both itineraries were fabolous with great tour leaders in. I especially enjoyed Normandy and Loire Valley. The optionals we did were well worth it and hotels were of good quality.

Tour Operator

Insight Vacations is a premium guided tour operator specializing in immersive, luxury travel experiences across Europe, North America, and beyond. Part of The Travel Corporation (TTC), Insight offers carefully curated itineraries that combine high-quality accommodations, exclusive experiences, and expert Travel Directors who bring destinations to life. With a focus on comfort, cultural authenticity, and personalization, Insight emphasizes “premium escorted journeys,” featuring small group sizes, luxury coaches with extra legroom, and insider access to local traditions, cuisine, and people. Their philosophy is to transform trips into meaningful travel experiences that leave lasting connections with the destinations and cultures visited.

In Business Since 1978